Question 4 (15 marks)

1. What is the efficient frontier and how does it change when more stocks are used to construct portfolios? (3 marks)

2. How does the relationship between the average return and the historical volatility of individual stocks differ from the relationship between the average return and the historical volatility of large, well-diversified portfolios? (3 marks)

3. Explain what is wrong with the following argument: If a firm issues debt that is risk free,

because there is no possibility of default, the risk of the firms equity does not change. (3 marks)

4. You currently have $100,000 invested in a portfolio that has an expected return of 12% and a volatility of 8%. Suppose the risk-free rate is 5%, and there is another portfolio that has an expected return of 20% and a volatility of 12%.

1. How do you construct a new portfolio that has a higher expected return than your current portfolio but with the same volatility? (3 marks)
2. How do you construct a new portfolio that has a lower volatility than your current portfolio but with the same expected return? (3 marks)

To get the full marks of this question, you need to specify the dollar amount that you invest in the new portfolios in (i) and (ii)