Question $\backslash (4(\backslash$mathbf$\{25\backslash \%\}\backslash ))$

The time diagram below demonstrates the operation of a system using Pipelining Protocol to send $1\mathrm{.}5$ Mbits of data from sender to receive. The sender can send $3$ packets before getting the ACK from the receiver.

firs

$($a$)$ If each packet carries $\backslash (\backslash$mathrm$\{$L$\}=1\mathrm{.}5\backslash$mathrm$\{$Kbits$\}\backslash )$ of data, how many packets are required to send $1\mathrm{.}5$ Mbits of data?

$($b$)$ Assume the channel data rate is $\backslash (\backslash$mathrm$\{$R$\}=1\mathrm{.}5\backslash$mathrm$\{$Mbps$\}\backslash ),$ what is the transmission delay for one packet?

$($c$)$ If the distance between the sender and receiver is $6000$ km and the propagation speed is $\backslash (2\backslash$times $10^\{8\}\backslash$mathrm$\{$~ms$\}^\{-1\}\backslash ).$ What is the propagation delay for one packet?

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$($d$)$ Assume processing delay at receiver and ACK transmission time are ignored $($zero$).$ What is the time required for one frame to complete?

$[$Hint: From sending the first bit until the ACK is received.$]$

$($e$)$ Calculate the total delay of sending $1\mathrm{.}5$ Mbits of data and determine the channel utilization.

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