Question $7$

You have a question about the client report your work team was assigned to develop. You, first, ask your team leader, Tim, for help. Tim cannot answer your question, so you ask your team's supervisor, Joan. Joan is not sure of the answer, so she directs you to the regional manager, Bob. When you ask Bob for help, he suggests that you seek out Jackie, the President of the company. Because this scenario follows communication channels predetermined by your organization, you are engaging in:

informal communication network

special proximity

formal communication network

the grapevine

spillover