Question $8$

Astrid, a customer service representative, was asked by one of her customers if her company would be interested in joining the chamber of commerce to meet potential customers. Astrid believes this is a very good idea and approached her manager, Alan, about becoming a chamber member. Alan tells Astrid that Sure, that sounds like a great idea. Since I$\text{'}$m given the ability to make decisions about my department, I say let's join the Chamber of commerce. This is an example of how important decisions are made in organizations with $$

centralized authority

focused power

decentralized authority

upper authority

higher$-$management influence