Question $9(3\mathrm{.}333$ points$)$

A study for the European Parliament examined the transfer of steel production to China from Germany. It found China surpassed Germany as the world's largest steel manufacturing in $2005.$ As a result, China's steel industry presently produces more than three times the amount of sulfur dioxide emissions than German steel makers. This is an example of:

the transferring of pollution from a high$-$income to a low$-$ or middle$-$income nation

a structural adjustment loan condition

the tragedy of the commons

a form of the race to the bottom

technological innovation leading to the movement of pollution from one place to another.