QUESTION $9$

Russ has been on time for work all year, consistently going above and beyond his duties. However, in the month before his performance appraisal, he had the flu and his whole family became sick, causing him to frequently be absent and exhibit lower$-$thannormal performance. As a result, his annual performance appraisal was somewhat negative. It is likely that Russ's boss committed which of the following perceptual errors?

a$.$ self$-$fulfilling prophecy

b$.$ primacy effect

c$.$ recency effect

d$.$ impression management

QUESTION $10$

Piper, a new employee, has just been introduced to Lorna. Piper was brought up to value being organized and clean. Piper notices that Lorna has a very messy desk. Piper's immediate thought is that Lorna must not get much done and is lazy. "How can Lorna find anything or focus on the task at hand with such a messy work environment?" This is an example of what factor that influences and distorts perception?

a$.$ the comprehender

b$.$ the perceiver

c$.$ focal object

d$.$ the environment

QUESTION $11$

is the removal of previously experienced negative consequences, resulting in the likelihood that certain behaviors will occur again in the same or similar situations.

a$.$ Negative punishment

b$.$ Positive punishment

c$.$ Negative reinforcement

d$.$ Positive reinforcement