QUESTION ONE $[40]$

$1\mathrm{.}1.$ When structuring an organisation, the various management levels are identified and

the authority, responsibility, duties and tasks for each management level and each

specific manager are clearly specified. Discuss how managers from different levels

can be differentiated according to levels and functions. Your answers should include

Responsibility, Main Function, Time Orientation and Position held. $(20)$

$1\mathrm{.}2.$ The value chain is based on the process view of organisations, the idea of seeing a

manufacturing $($or service$)$ organisation as a system, which is made up of

subsystems each with inputs, transformation processes and outputs. With the aid of

a relevant diagram, discuss the elements of Porter$$s Value Chain Model. $(20)$

QUESTION TWO $[30]$

$2\mathrm{.}1.$ Discuss the contribution of the following management theorist $(5)$

$2\mathrm{.}1\mathrm{.}1.$ Henry Gantt

$2\mathrm{.}2.$ Discuss $5$ advantages and $5$ disadvantages of the Scientific Management theory. $(10)$

$2\mathrm{.}3$ Total Quality Management is defined as the complete cycle in which a company tends

to increase the quality of the product by continuous improvement to meet the customer

satisfaction. List the five $(5)$ steps that organisational excellence can be achieve by$.$

$(5)$

$2\mathrm{.}4.$ Explain the relevance of the Contingency Theory to business management and its

relevance to the business world today. $(10$