Question

The following is a statement

$$ It is true that goods in transit are a target for opportunists and thieves. Fire can break out almost anywhere and though it is rare, road and rail accidents occur. Goods carried across water are subject to the predictable risks of loss or damage during the course of loading and discharging, by sinking, stranding, by the ingress of water, by contamination by other goods, sweating and damage through shifting.

Perishable goods suffer if delayed. Some cargoes, especially bulk cargoes, suffer a measure of inevitable loss due, for example, to natural shrinkage or to the difficulties of accurately measuring or assessing their true weight on loading and discharge.

International carriage can involve partial carriage by sea, road and rail with transshipment and consolidation for the purposes of making up full loads. However, each operation increases the risk of goods going astray or becoming damaged. Therefore, the question to ask is how do sellers and buyers protect themselves? Who bears the risk of loss or damage?$$

Your Task:

You are to analyze the issues raised in the context of CIF and FOB contracts and the movement of goods across borders.

Your answer should also address the issues relating to bills of lading and Multimodal Transport operation.