Questions:

1- Define the learning organization?

2- Define all the bullet points mentioned in the four quadrants of the picture just in one or two lines.

with which managers need to be familiar. Researctiens have conctaded that the structures and strategies of onganizations worldwide are similar, "while the behevior within them is maintaining its cultural uniqueness, "Whas does this metan for designing effective and cfficient structures? When designing of changing structure, managers may need to think about the cultural implications of certain design elements. For instance, one stady showed that formalization-rales and bureacratic mechanisms-nty be more important in leis oconomically developed couatries and less important in more economically developed countries where employees may have higher levels of professional edacation and skill," Other structural design elements may be affected by cultural differences as well. How Do You Build a Learning Organization? Doing business in an intensely competitive global environment, Britith retailer Tesco realized how important it was for its stores to run well behind the scener. And it does so using a proven "tool" called Tesce in a Eox, which proenotes consictency in operations as weil as being a way to share innovations. Tesco is an example of a leorning erganhesion, an organization that har developed the capocity to coetinuoutly learn, adtyth, and change. ef The concept of a leaming organization doein't imvolve a specific of anizational derign jer se, but instead describes an organizational mind-set of philosopby that has tignificens desiga implications. In a learning ofganizatioe, employees are practicing linowledge management by coetinually acquiring and sharing new knowledge and are willisg to wpoly that knowledge in making decivions of performing their work. Soene orga izational dexign theorists evee go so far as to say that an organization's ability to learn and to apply thut learning as they perform the organization's work may be the only sastainable wource of competitive advantage. What would a learning organization look liket As you can see in Exhibit 6-12, the important characteristics of a learning organization revolve around orgarizational derign. information sharing. lesdeship, and culture. Let's cake a closer look at each. What types of organizational design clements woald be necessary for leartieg to take place? In a leaming organization, it's critical for members to share information and collaborate on work activities throckhout the cntire crganiration-across different funcional specialties and even at differetit organizarional levels - throvgh minimiring or eliminating the existing structural and pbysical boundarica. In this type of boundarylens cruirocinkent, employces are free to work together and collaborate in doing the organization's work the