RAFAEL: That makes sense. So$,$ what makes this value important to investors is that it is an expected future value that can change$-$but only due to a couple of events, including the $$ of Treasury stock, the sale of new common or preferred shares, and the payment of $$ Equally important, it $$ change in response to changes in the market prices of the firm's shares.

ASHA: Right! So$,$ how useful would a firm's book value be for assessing the performance of Atherton's management?

RAFAEL: Well, because Atherton's book value $$ with changes in the market price of the firm's shares, the firm's book value

$$ reflect management's efforts to maximize the shareholder wealth and therefore $-$ be used to evaluate management's performance.

Now, what about "Economic Value Added"?