Read case study 6.3, "Playing in the orchestra" in Northouse (2019) p.p. 131-133 and respond to the following questions:

1. Path-goal leadership is about how leaders can help followers reach their goals. Generally, what the goals for the students in each of the different orchestras? What obstacles do they face? In what way does Martina help them address obstacles and reach their goals?
2. Based on the principles of expectancy theory described in the chapter, why is Martina effective with the elementary and middle school orchestras? Why do both of these groups seem motivated to play for her? In what ways did she change her leadership style for the middle schoolers?
3. Martina's competencies as a musician do not seem to help her with the students who are becoming disinterested in orchestra. Why? Using ideas from expectancy theory, what would you advise her to do to improve her leadership with the high school orchestra?
4. Achievement -oriented leadership is one of the four major kinds of path-goal leadership. For which of the three orchestras do you think this style would be most effective? Discuss.

Reference: Northouse (2019) Leadership theory and practice (8th ed) Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage publications.