Read each item, and answer the question about relationships.

Passage

Motivational Factors $($Satisfiers$)$

$(1)$ We$$ve all probably seen organizations that function in rundown buildings, yet morale and productivity are high. $(2)$ One researcher $($Herzberg$)$ contends that people$$s attitudes toward their jobs far outweigh the importance of working conditions or environment. $(3)$ Herzberg has provided a list of motivational factors, or satisfiers, that can be said to motivate individuals and to produce job satisfaction.

$(4)$ Achievement is important to many employees. $(5)$ Is it to you? $(6)$ Achievement means feeling that you$$ve accomplished a goal; that is$,$ you$$ve finished something that you$$ve started. $(7)$ Some work situations provide this feeling; others, such as assembly$-$line work, often make feelings of achievement difficult. $(8)$ This is especially true when cycle times $($the time needed to complete one task$)$ are as short as $6$ seconds or less. $(9)$ One former student working for a food company that prepared institutional meals had a job that repeated every $2$ seconds. $(10)$ His task was to place two slices of white bread on a tray as it passed by on a conveyor belt $($later$,$ others added meat, condiments, etc., to produce a sandwich$).(11)$ Thirty times a minute the same task was performed, and he never saw the finished product. $(12)$ Not much of a sense of achievement there.

$(13)$ Many employees appreciate recognition. $(14)$ It gives the employee a feeling of worth and self$-$esteem. $(15)$ Don$$t you like to know how you stand in a work situation? $(16)$ When you and other employees know how you are doing, even when the results aren$$t completely satisfactory, you at least know that your boss is concerned about you. $(17)$ There$$s a tendency for managers to overlook the need for giving employees recognition and feedback on their performance. $(18)$ Some managers think that it$$s unnecessary to say anything to an employee when a job has been done well. $(19)$Charlie knows he does good work$$ is a far too typical managerial attitude. $(20)$ Charlie, like most employees, might not be certain what his boss really thinks of his performance without some form of overt recognition.

$(21)$ The job itself is a highly important motivating factor. $(22)$ Have you ever thought about why some employees are chronically late? $(23)$ In many cases, it$$s because they dread going to their $9-$to$-5$ jobs. $(24)$ They derive little satisfaction from their monotonous jobs and as a result would like to be able to say, as that defiant country song puts it$,$Take this job and shove it$!(25)$ People who like their jobs tend to be far more motivated to avoid absenteeism and lateness.

$(26)$ Growth and advancement opportunities also serve to motivate. $(27)$ In a sense, these are like the old carrot and stick philosophy. $(28)$ Don$$t you, like many employees, tend to move in directions that help you obtain the $$carrot$,$ for example, a promotion with more salary? $(29)$ However, managers must keep in mind that if employees never get to $$taste the carrot$$ but only feel the $$stick$,$ then their interest in carrots will tend to fade. $(30)$ Motivational tools should never be used to manipulate people. $(31)$ They should be used sincerely$,$ with the employee$$s as well as the organization$$s interests in mind.

$(32)$ Responsibility is another factor that motivates many employees. $(33)$ Some people will forego taking sick leave when they don$$t feel well out of a sense of responsibility. $(34)$ It provides a sense of accomplishment and fills an internal need to see things done right. $(35)$ Even the behavior of some so$-$called troublemakers in organizations has been modified after they have been given added responsibilities.

$(36)$ Herzberg believes that the ideal form of feedback is one that is inherent to the job. $(37)$ In this situation, the person does not have to be told that he or she has done a good job; it is known automatically. $(38)$ For example, when a radiographer examines an x$-$ray film she has just taken, she knows it if is good or if it needs to be repeated. $(39)$ The feedback is immediate and inherent.

Question$9.$ How many motivational factors are listed in this passage?

a$.3$

b$.4$

c$.5$

d$.6$

e$.7$