Read the case below and answer the questions that follow.

Gloria Santiago, a Latin American woman, overheard two of her male co-workers boasting about the promotions they had just received to district sales managers. When Gloria complained to her boss about not receiving the same promotion, he told her the men were among the company's top salespeople, and that the company had to offer them a higher position to keep them from joining one of the company's competitors. Gloria was not satisfied with this response because she had been working hard all year to obtain high sales figures. She decided to check the archival data the company kept on each employee's sales. She discovered that although one of the men had sold more than she did, she actually had almost exactly the same sales numbers as the other male. She went back to her boss to discuss her findings, and he told her that since most of the customers were male, he felt as though having men in the district manager positions was necessary because it would help build rapport and enhance sales in those areas. After hearing this news, Gloria listed several instances of women in district manager positions who were successful working with predominantly male customers in their respective sales regions.

Gloria was also concerned that there were so few Latin Americans working for the company. She recalled hearing that many of them were screened out through an aptitude test that all applicants had to take. She realized that this could be an example of

• disparate impact.

• bona fide occupational qualification.

• reasonable accommodation.

• disparate treatment.

• sexual harassment.