Read the enclosed extract from the indicated article below and conduct your own additional research to answer the following questions.

The end of private healthcare and medical aids in South Africa $-$ government responds to biggest NHI worries

The Department of Health has published a comprehensive response to frequently raised concems around the National Health Insurance scheme $-$ promising South Africans that the scheme is affordable and won't destroy the private healthcare sector. The National Assembly recently passed the National Health Insurance Bill, paving the way for the new healthcare regulations to become law.

Despite various legal holes in the proposed laws $-$ including worries over the bill's constitutionality $-$ the ANC government has pushed ahead with the changes, sending the laws to the National Council of Provinces for concurrence. Many legal experts and analysts have flagged major issues with the bill, including, but not limited to$,$ significant questions around the funding of the scheme and the role of private healthcare in the system. The NHI aims to make the state the sole purchaser of healthcare in South Africa, allowing all citizens to access healthcare at the provider of their choice at no cost$.$

In turn, all private heathcare providers $-$ including doctors and hospitals $-$ will be required to register with the scheme to deliver services and get compensation. The scheme will set prices, and providers will have to operate within its framework. In terms of funding, the state has argued that more money is being spent servicing the needs of $14\%$ of the population through private healthcare than what is spent on the vast majority of people through public services. Hence, it aims to pool the money spent Ion both. Stakeholders and critics of the system have described this move as the

on both. Stakeholders and critics of the system have described this move as the destruction of private healthcare in South Africa, with medical aid schemes, serving no real purpose under the system.

Source:

Government, Staff writer. $2024.$ The end of private healthcare and medical aids in South Africa $-$ government responds to biggest NHI worries. BusinessTech, $6$ July. Retrieved from h tps:$//$businesstech$.$co$.$za$/$news$/$government$/701819/$the$-$end$-$of$-$

private$-$healthcare$-$and$-$medical$-$aids$-$in$-$south$-$africa$-$government$-$responds$-$to$-$biggest$-$

nhi$-$worries! $[$Accessed $23$ August $2024].$

$1\mathrm{.}1.$ Discuss the concept of Ubuntu and highlight how it influences individual morals and values.

$(10$ marks$)$

$1\mathrm{.}2.$ Founie $(2018$:$211)$ suggests that Ubuntu emphasises the willingness to share and participate in a community. However, it does not privilege the community over the dignity and life of the individual.

With the above in mind, discuss how the implementation of the National Health Insurance $(NHI)$ is a way to uphold the concept of Ubuntu.

$(15$ marks$)$

$1\mathrm{.}3.$ Explain the five $(5)$ ethical challenges that can be associated with the implementation of the National Health Insurance $($NHI$)$ in South Africa.