Read the information on process-based theories in Organizational Behavior. This reading introduces three organizational behavior theories: equity theory, expectancy theory, and reinforcement theory.

Equity theory posits that people are motivated when they sense that the policies and procedures in their workplace, including those involving compensation, are fair. The perception of unfairness is demotivating.

Expectancy theory suggests that employees base their level of effort on the amount of reward they expect. If they believe extra effort will lead to positive outcomes, they will be motivated to put forth that effort.

Reinforcement theory draws a connection between a particular action and its direct consequences. Reinforcement may be positive or negative; in its simplest form it could be praise or criticism.

In a brief essay (400 to 600 words; 1-1/2 to 2 pages) consider these process-based theories in light of your current organizational environment. (You will consider a different set of questions if you are not currently employed.) Then reflect on how particular organizational environments might align with what gives you joy, with your personal values, or with a satisfying life balance.

Answer the following questions if you are currently employed:

Which of the theories most closely aligns with the way motivation works in your current workplace? Does the process at your workplace succeed in motivating you?

Which of the theories, if any, best describes what motivates you? Are you motivated by other factors?

As the chapter explains, some people consider organizational behavior modification unethical, feeling that it is manipulative. Express your opinion on that topic.

How does what gives you joy, along with your personal values, affect what motivates you? Provide an example to illustrate your point. Then describe ways you would prefer to be motivated in a perfect organizational environment.