Read the question below and respond using your own thoughts.

1. A confounding variable is when the variable in a research investigation is not controlled (Cozby & Bates, 2024). When the two variables are confounded they are connected which a person cannot establish that the variables is operating in a situation (Cozby & Bates, 2024). It is affecting both independent and dependent variables in an experiment. When it comes to the relationship between cups of coffee consumed and heart health the confounding variables can be age, genetics, occupation, diet, medical history, how much that is consumed, stress levels, exercising, bad habits (smoking, drugs, alcohol), overall health issues and much more. I am sure there is more that could affect the variables. When it comes to age older adults have different heart problems and if heart issues run in the family. If a person is smoking, have high stress levels, drinking excessively, not eating healthy all have factors in how the heart is. If a person is exercising more they could have a less likely chance to have problems. When the coffee is unfiltered, it can elevate serum lipids which can increase the risk of cardiovascular disorders (Butt & Sultan, 2011). Another factor could be how much is being consumed and what is in it. There are many factors that could contribute to this study.

2. A potential research question that would go well with the proposed study would be does increased consumption of coffee correlate with the increased risk of heart disease in women who live in America over 65. When proposing a question, you have to make sure that you are expanding the scope. By proposing the study to also women, it can help you narrow down the original findings to see if the results were specifically geared towards one gender. If increase coffee consumption is found, to increase heart disease risk in women; It can have significant impact on public health as a whole. The findings can also help future research.