Reader$-$Writer Problem

You are tasked with implementing a solution to the Reader$-$Writer Problem using pthreads in C$/$C$++.$ This problem demonstrates a typical synchronization challenge, where multiple readers can read the shared resource concurrently, but writers require exclusive access. Requirements: $--$ Implement a program where multiple reader and writer threads are created. Readers can access the resource simultaneously, but only one writer can modify the resource at any given time. Use mutexes and condition variables to synchronize access. $-$ Submit your source code with proper documentation and comments. Also, include a separate report that provides a brief description of how your program works, the synchronization strategy used, and how you ensured thread safety.