Recall that the congestion window length changes with time as follows during TCP Reno's congestion avoidance phase: If an ACK is received then increase cwnd by . If congestion is detected then cwnd by Suppose the probability of failed transmission is p: the probability of a successful transmission is then 1 - p. The transmission rate x = (a) Write down the equation for the expected change of per time step. (b) At equilibrium the expected change is 0. Using (a) show that x = Recall that the congestion window length changes with time as follows during TCP Reno's congestion avoidance phase: If an ACK is received then increase cwnd by . If congestion is detected then cwnd by Suppose the probability of failed transmission is p: the probability of a successful transmission is then 1 - p. The transmission rate x = (a) Write down the equation for the expected change of per time step. (b) At equilibrium the expected change is 0. Using (a) show that x =