Refer to Figure $3-$ Using fork$().$

Figure $3-$ Using fork$)$

Question continues on next page.

$($a$)$ Describe the purpose of the fork$()$ function.

$($b$)$ The following statement is often associated with the fork$()$ function: $"$It is

called once but it returns twice".

Explain what this means with reference to child and parent processes and

identify which lines of code relate to the child process.

$(8$ marks$)$

$($c$)$ Socket descriptors are shared between child and parent processes. Explain

what this means. In your answer explain why closing the listening socket on

line $8$ does not impact on the ability to accept new connections as per the call to

accept $()$ on line $3.$

$(12$ marks$)$