Referencing the below graphic $-$ for a workplace considering a intervention, certain factors and considerations impact health outcomes where costs and benefits determine the resulting Return on Investment $($ROI$).$ What would be an example of a direct benefit of a workplace intervention?

Figure $1$: Generalised framework for ROI assessment of workplace healthcare interventions

Country characteristics

Workplace interventions

Promotion

Relevance

Engagement

Awareness

Satisfaction

Participation

Health impacts, change of behaviour

Benefits

Direct

Indirect

Absenteeism, presenteeism, staff turnover

Direct

Coss of therapy, time lost working

Indirect

Overheads

ROI $=\frac{\text{B}\text{e}\text{n}\text{e}\text{f}\text{i}\text{t}\text{s}-\text{C}\text{o}\text{s}\text{t}\text{s}}{\text{C}\text{o}\text{s}\text{t}\text{s}}$

Costs

Sidereffects

Promotion

RAND Europe