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About $3,000$ full$-$time undergraduate students and about $1,000$ graduate students attend Fairfield University, a private liberal arts college. The College of Arts and Sciences, the School of Business, and the School of Nursing each have a portion of the undergraduate students. The Graduate School of Education, the School of Business, and the School of Nursing all have graduate students. The School of Continuing Education and the BEI School of Engineering both have part$-$time students. Fairfield University confronts numerous difficulties, much like many other private schools of higher learning. These issues are brought on by the decreasing number of students in college age populations and the rising costs of administering the institution. The aforementioned claim will be supported by the literature. but offer little solace to the institution. The rising expense of information technology is one of the issues that worries college administrators the most. Reduced spending on information technology is not advisable due to the ongoing requirement to raise personnel wages. In$-$depth discussions this researcher had with deans and managers revealed that some of Fairfield University's rival institutions are actually making just as much progress in this area as they are. Therefore, the institution would be at a competitive disadvantage if its efforts to stay current in technology matters were to be interrupted.

The administrative and financial challenge is found there. When sales are falling, the cost of information technology must be maintained. A university's information technology program covers a wide range of technologies that weren't previously thought to fall under its jurisdiction. However, the technologies in communications, library services, and video services have been convergent at a persistent and even accelerated rate. The current study will concentrate on instructional and research computing because it is only interested in information technology's impact on academic computing.

Question $1$

$[15$ Marks$]$

"Fairfield University confronts numerous difficulties, much like many other private schools of higher learning. These issues are brought on by the decreasing number of students in college$-$age populations and the rising costs of administering the institution." List and explain the difference between the First $(1^{st})$ Third $(3^{rd})$ and Fourth $(4^{th})$ Generation of Digital Computing.

Questions $2$

$[15$ Marks$]$

"The administrative and financial challenge is found there. When sales are falling, the cost of information technology must be maintained. A university's information technology program covers a wide range of technologies that weren't previously thought to fall under its jurisdiction." Enumerate and annotate three $(3)$ positive impacts of technology on organization, people and society.