reply to this include sources Law enforcement agencies have developed various patrol methods to combat crime while balancing public perception and resource constraints. Among the most studied are directed patrol, hot-spot policing, and zero-tolerance enforcement. Directed patrol uses crime analysis to assign officers to specific locations or tasks at specific times. This approach is strategic and preventative, allowing departments to proactively address known issues without unnecessary resource expenditure (Cordner, 2016). Studies have shown that directed patrols can reduce specific types of crime, especially when aligned with community concerns and local intelligence. Hot-spot policing, a subtype of directed patrol, focuses efforts on micro-geographic areas with high concentrations of crime. This method has robust empirical support. Braga, Papachristos, and Hureau (2019) conducted a systematic review and found that hot-spot policing reduces crime in targeted areas without significant displacement. The key to its success lies in its targeted nature and adaptability. Officers can be deployed dynamically based on shifting crime patterns, allowing agencies to maximize visibility where it counts most. Zero-tolerance policing, by contrast, involves strict enforcement of all offenses, regardless of severity. Inspired by the "broken windows" theory (Wilson & Kelling, 1982), it assumes that addressing minor disorder prevents more serious crime. While popularized in the 1990s, especially in New York City, this method has since drawn criticism. Studies suggest that while it may t