Research surrounding use of continuous passive motion $($CPM$)$ provides varying results regarding the benefits, however there are general guidelines and benefits to consider when using $($CPM$).$ All of the following statements are true except:

The device may be applied immediately after surgery, even when the patient is still under anesthesia.

$.$ Standardized protocols have not been established for cycle speed, length of time or duration for use of CPM machines because of the variety of uses, types of machines and inconclusive research results.

The most successful outcome for use of CPM is for 'prevention of thromboembolism after LE surgery.

Some models are battery operated and allow the patient to wear the device while functioning with daily activities.