Respond to this post from a classmate: Quality Control (QC): QC focuses on detecting product defects through rigorous testing and inspection processes (Kandelbauer et al., 2012). Reactive approach: Issues are identified after production, such as during release testing for biologics (Johnston et al., 2012). Quality Assurance (QA): QA ensures that processes are properly designed and followed to prevent defects before they occur (Kandelbauer et al., 2012). Proactive approach: Includes systematic audits, robust documentation practices, and adherence to regulatory standards such as cGMP (FDA, 2013; Johnston et al., 2012). Total Quality Management (TQM): TQM represents a comprehensive, organization-wide commitment to quality that incorporates QC and QA while promoting continuous improvement (Kandelbauer et al., 2012). Emphasizes customer satisfaction, cross-functional collaboration, and engagement with all stakeholders (UMGC, n.d.)