Return on Invested Capital $($ROIC$)$ is a profitability ratio that measures how effective the firm is at generating a return for investors who have provided capital $($bondholders and stockholders$).$ The ROIC calculation answers three questions: How tax efficient is the firm? How effective are the firms operations? How intensively does the firm use capital? Comparing the answers to these questions between firms can help you understand why one firm is more profitable than another and where that profitability is coming from.

In the following, Apples ROIC is compared to Blackberrys$.$ The income statement and balance sheet are provided for both firms. While the ROIC calculation for Blackberry is completed below, you have to complete the calculation for Apple by supplying the correct income statement and balance sheet information. As you fill in this information, the components of Apples ROIC will be calculated along with some supporting ratios. Use these subcomponents and supporting ratios to compare Apple and Blacberrys performance. Where does Apples advantage come from?

This activity demonstrates the calculation of ROIC and the comparison of firm performance, supporting Learning Objective $5-1$ and $5-2.$

Instructions

Use the income statement and balance sheet information for Apple to fill in the missing items in the calculation of Apples ROIC and supporting ratios. Once filled in correctly, compare Apples performance to that of Blackberry. Where does Apple have an advantage? Where does Blackberry have an advantage?

Apple, Inc. Blackberry

Income Statement YE Sept $2012$ YE Mar $2012$

Net sales $156,50818,423$

Cost of sales $87,84611,848$

Gross margin $68,6626,575$

Research & development expense $3,3811,559$

Selling, general & admin expense $10,0402,600$

other operating $0930$

Total operating expenses $13,4215,089$

Operating margin $55,2411,486$

Interest & dividend income $00$

Interest expense $00$

Other Income $/$ Expense $52221$

Total Other income $52221$

Earnings before taxes $55,7631,507$

Provision for taxes $14,030354$

Net income $($loss$)41,7331,153$

Apple Inc Microsoft Corporation

Balance sheet YE Sept $2014$ YE Mar $302012$

$1,527$

Cash & cash equivalents $10,746247$

Short$-$term marketable securities $18,3833,062$

Accounts receivable $10,9300$

Components $00$

Finished goods $01,027$

Inventories $7911,208$

Other Current Assets $16,803$

Total current assets $57,6537,071$

$0$

Long$-$term marketable securities $02,733$

Fixed Assets: PP&E $($net$)15,4523,927$

Other assets $102,959$

Long term assets $6,660$

Total assets $176,06413,731$

$744$

Accounts payable $21,1750$

Accrued expenses $11,4140$

Deferred revenue $02,645$

other $5,953$

Total current liabilities $38,5423,389$

$0$

Long$-$term debt $00$

Deferred revenue $-$ non$-$current $00$

Deferred tax liabilities $0$

Other non$-$current liabilities $19,312242$

Other long$-$term liabilities

Total long$-$term liabilities $242$

Long$-$term liabilities $19,312$

Total liabilities $57,8543,631$

$14$

Common stock $6677,913$

Retained earnings $101,2892,173$

Unrecognized gain on securities $010,100$

Total shareholders' equity $118,210$

Total liabilities $+$ shareholders equity $176,064$

Execise $8$a $-$ Calculating Apple's ROIC

Calculate of Apples ROIC and supporting ratios. $($Enter your responses rounded to two decimal places.$)$