Reword the following answer: **Task 1: Legal Framework Analysis** The legal framework surrounding decision-making for incapacitated patients with advanced dementia is primarily guided by the principles of informed consent and surrogate decision-making. In the U.S., the Patient Self-Determination Act (PSDA) mandates healthcare providers to inform patients about their rights to make decisions about their care, including the right to refuse treatment and the right to formulate advance directives. Healthcare providers have a legal responsibility to respect the autonomy of patients. When patients are incapacitated, decisions are usually made by a legally appointed surrogate, often a family member. This surrogate is expected to make decisions based on the patient's previously expressed wishes or, if these are unknown, in the patient's best interest. In cases where there is no designated surrogate or advance directive, healthcare providers may need to seek guidance from an ethics committee or the courts. Legal precedents, such as the Cruzan v. Director, Missouri Department of Health case, have established the right of patients to refuse life-sustaining treatment through an advance directive or surrogate. **Task 2: Ethical Dilemma Exploration** Healthcare providers often face ethical dilemmas when caring for patients with advanced dementia who cannot communicate their preferences. The primary tension lies between respecting patient autonomy and ensuring the patient's best interests. Respecting patient autonomy means honoring the patient's previously expressed wishes, which c