Richard Bowen is a $50-$year$-$old white male. He applies for a job at the local hospital, but the job is given to a younger person. Mr$.$ Bowen is considered to be a member of a protected class under which legislation?

Family and Medical Leave Act of $199$

Lilly Ledbetter Fair Pay Act of $2009$

Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of $1996$

Title VII, Civil Rights Act of $1964$

Americans with Disabilities Act of $1990$