Router $1$ a learns about $x$ from which routing protocol?

a$.$ OSPF

b$.$ RIP

c$.$ eBGP

d$.$ iBGP

e$.$ DVMRP

Consider a simplex communication over the internet:

a$.$ Encapsulation is done at the source only

b$.$ Encapsulation is done at the destination only

c$.$ Encapsulation is done at the router only

d$.$ Encapsulation is done at the source and the router

e$.$ Encapsulation is done at the source and the destination

RIP: Consider the following figure:

Suppose next that router $D$ receives the following advertisement from router $A$ :

What is the new distance to go from router $D$ to subnet $z?$

a$.7$

b$.8$

c$.9$

d$.10$

e$.11$

Consider a subnet with prefix $101\mathrm{.}101\mathrm{.}101\mathrm{.}64/26.$ Which of the following IPv$4$ addresses can be assigned to this network?

a$.101\mathrm{.}101\mathrm{.}101\mathrm{.}20$

b$.101\mathrm{.}101\mathrm{.}101\mathrm{.}40$

c$.101\mathrm{.}101\mathrm{.}101\mathrm{.}60$

d$.101\mathrm{.}101\mathrm{.}101\mathrm{.}80$

e$.101\mathrm{.}101\mathrm{.}101\mathrm{.}180$

Which of the following protocols uses TCP$?$

a$.$ OSPF

b$.$ ICMP

c$.$ IGMP

d$.$ BGP

e$.$ None of the given choices

Which of the following statements is wrong?

a$.$ Relaying is used in Skype to overcome the NAT traversal problem

b$.$ The Universal Plug and Play $($UPnP$)$ Internet Gateway Device $($IGD$)$ Protocol allows a NATed host to learn the public IP address

c$.$ NAT routers use $32-$bit portnumber field

d$.$ NAT violates the end$-$to$-$end argument

e$.$ NAT was proposed to overcome the addres$5$ shortage problem

Suppose Host A sends one segment with sequence number $38$ and $4$ bytes of data over a TCP connection to Host B$.$ In this same segment the acknowledgment number is:

a$.38$

b$.39$

c$.42$

d$.43$

e$.$ The information given in the question is insufficient to answer