Sam plans to train an artificial neural network $($ANN$)$ to automatically identify whether an image contains a dog, a cat, or neither.

Please answer the following questions:

$1.$ Please use $\backslash (2-3\backslash )$ sentences to describe the steps that Sam needs to take to train the ANN model. $(10$ points$)$

$2.$ How many nodes in the input layer should the ANN have? Please use $1-2$ sentences to justify. $(5$ points$)$

$3.$ How many nodes in the output layer should the ANN have? Please use $1-2$ sentences to justify. $(5$ points$)$

$4.$ Should the ANN use any hidden layers? Please use $1-2$ sentences to justify. $(5$ points$)$

$5.$ Overfitting is a common challenge when training artificial neural networks $($ANNs$).$ Based on what we have learned in class, list at least three strategies Sam can use to mitigate overfitting for this task. Please ensure your answer includes only methods covered in this course. $(15$ points$)$