same level and Ermediary between the user and the computer acts as an intermediary between the user and the lle 2- The bootstrap program is usually stored operating system a) In ROM b) In RAM c) Can be stored in any memory storage d) No need to store it because it is part of the Kerne 3- CPUs and device controllers compete for memory cycles: a) When they want to access the same location (data or instruction b) Because main memory is a random access memory c) When they want to access the same data d) Because only one ca n access the memory at a certain time 4- is nonvolatile: a) main memory b) cache c) solid-state disk d) all of them are volatile is non-privileged: 5 a) Clear memory b) Turn off interrupts c) Access I/O device d) Issue a trap