SECTION A [100 MARKS] Read the article below and answer ALL questions that follow MANAGING QUALUTY ON CONSTRUCTION SITES IN SOUTH AFROCA In South Africa, construction projects stil experience non-conformance to qualty requirements as wel as cost and schedule overnuns to the detriment of clents. For project success to be athined, conlormance to these parameters is the minimum expectation in the face of other considerations related to clent satsfoction. Thus, through the use of existing literature, and a field study conducted among site management employees woning for general conteactors (GCs) in the Eastern Cape provisce of South Africa, the management; of quality on construction sias was exarined The construction industry contribuses immensely to the global econony. As a result, there appears to be a relatively vigorous competition anong construction firms for vatious business reasons. Most firms therefore compete with their prowess in production efficiency. The quality of she production actistes are oben taken into consideration in onder to satisfy internal and extemal stakeholders while buldicg good reputation br the frm. However, the fiteratire is full of exarcles of project deviations in the form of non-conlomance to qualify requirements and ober abjoctives. These deviations consthute a hindranco to the competitiveness of the firm on one hand, and the entire industry on the cther hand. Oakland and Marosszeky (2005) stase that orgarizations compete on repulation for quality, reliability, price and delivery, and as such people now recognize that quality is crucial to the sustenance of a conceltive atvartag. As an illustration, when firms become known for poor qualisy profuct, al could take a long lime bo recover that repulation. Hence, quality is a key compelfive weupon in the construction indatry (Oabland and Marosszelcy, 2005). In particular, the industry in South Africa is currently facing problems relased to me sandard of conseruction paality expected by clients (Emuze and Smalwood, 2011). It is notable that project delivery that occurs within expected duration, cost, heathy and sale condions, and to quality standards is a diflour task because laast duration and minimal cost tend to conflict with quality and health and ssfety (H8S) (Patrick, 2004). Ascording to AF and Kamanczaman (2010, scope. cost fime, and quality are the four fundamental constraints needed to be consiliered when managing constradion projects, ngardiess af location. The quest for optimum reputation by a general contractor (GC) in the constuction industry demands project performance considerations that would improve the saistaction of clients. General contractors (GCs) gain reputation through fultiling the needs of clients and the gain of reputation is the major recuirement for a GC to be more competitive in the soctor (Ashworth, 2004). The interdependence betwsen the business and project aspects of construction ranagement has been argued to be crucial in the quest for improved proftubility in the sector (Smalaood, 2006). The interdependence can be gleaned from various construction management related researched findings fon South Africa. Ncwad and Dangalazana (2006) report that South Alrican construction is faced with productivey and qualty problems. The authors contend that productivity and quality in South Africa has dropped, while HSS tave ocly manginal inpeoved. As a result, the indastry is continuoussy experiencing confrontations with regard to dissatistaction of clients (Nowadi and Dangalana. 2006). This may suggest that contractors have realized the importance of HSS in the construction indastry, and then started to focus on HSS, at the expense of other project considerations such as quality. The lack of quality is recognized through nonconformance of work to the estabilshed requirements that is evident when construcked project does not meet client's needs and specifications (Batticha, 2002). Authors. Fidels A Emuze and Chrislopher Mhiwa, 2015, Joumal of Areject Maragenent and Innovabion. QUESTION 2 (20 Narks) Woth reference to the construction sector and using relevant examples eramine the banefits associated with imesting in quality mansgement