SECTION A - MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS [10 marks]

Answer ALL questions. Each question carries ONE (1) mark.

Choose the best alternative answer.

1. _______________________ is the tendency to put people into a particular group

according to a few characteristics and then to make an assumption to understand things

better?

A. Perception

B. Group perception

C. Stereotyping

D. Halo effect

2. According to Maslow 'wants and needs' of human beings will lead to

___________________?

A. Motivation

B. Job

C. Behavior

D. Attitude

3. Which of the following is the social invention for achieving targets through the efforts of

the whole group?

A. Management

B. Behavior

C. Organization

D. Leadership

4. Who developed the motivation's dual structure approach?

A. Alderfer

B. Mc Gregor

C. Maslow

D. F. Herzberg

5. Stephanie Stucky works as a human relations specialist and is considered a top performer

in the firm. According to Stephanie, her performance motivation is derived from the fact

that the pay matches her expectations, she has a significant amount of autonomy in the

performance of her duties, and the workload is challenging, without being overwhelming.

Stephanie's consistent performance level can be said to demonstrate which of the

following?

A. Job specialization

B. Job enlargement

C. Job satisfaction

D. Self-actualization

6. Which of the following options is correct regarding organizational cultures?

A. A stronger culture more influences the behavior of the employee

B. A strong culture always means the more productive environment

C. A particular culture that brings positive effectiveness is better

D. A weak culture always means the more productive environment

7. When perception patterns occur repeatedly, there is a tendency to form a/an _______

about something or someone.

A. Bias

B. Attitude

C. Stereotypical view

D. Preconceived notion

8. Four months ago, Kantoro Construction needed three employees to rebuild the electrical

boxes for their customers due to the various tasks involved. After successfully retraining

the employees, a single employee can now handle all facets of this job. This is an

example of:

A. Job enlargement

B. Job rotation

C. Job specialization

D. Job enrichment

9. Mr Leupa uses a group comprised of between 5-20 members of his organization to get

jobs performed in the fastest and most efficient way possible. Mr. Leupa usually permits

this group to have a moderate amount of authority over their work and allows the group

itself to determine the mission it will pursue. As the organization's manager, he has little

involvement in directing the group. Which type of group is most probably formed at this

organization?

A. Virtual team

B. Cross-functional team

C. Self-managed work team

D. Advisory team

10. Which terms best describes the extent to which a job allows employees to work on a

complete product or service from the beginning to the end?

A. Task significance

B. Task feedback

C. Skill variety

D. Task identity

SECTION B TRUE OR FALSE QUESTIONS [10 marks]

Answer ALL questions. Each question carries ONE (1) mark.

1. Type A people do not feel the need for urgency most of the time and of dealing with

conflict situations.

2. Resistance to change is considered an area of a very easy-going nature.

3. A manager who is perceived by his or her subordinates as charismatic and shows respect

and concern for the workers is developing referent power.

4. When a manager leaves a highly charged, confrontational monthly managerial meeting

stating, "It's up to you guys to resolve this situation, I'm not dealing with it anymore", the

manager is exhibiting an accommodating style.

5. One source of conflict within organizations can be the fact that many times various units

are interdependent of each other.

6. The use of symbols, stories, and language are common, albeit indirect methods, of

communicating and maintaining the organization's way of life.

7. Items such as a desired parking space or use of the corporate jet are actually rituals that

communicate the culture of the organization.

8. Position power includes what the manager can legitimately ask others to do and the

control over information that comes with a manager's position in the organizational

hierarchy.

9. A conflict resolution style, which is very high on assertiveness and low in the

consideration of others, is a compromising style.

10. Involvement/participation method for responding to resistance to change offers the

advantages of building a commitment to the change and allowing valuable information to

be obtained.

SECTION C SHORT ANSWERS QUESTIONS [40 marks]

Answer all questions from this Section.

1. Distinguish between organizational culture and organizational climate. (6 marks)

2. Discuss how any three situational factors can influence personality. (6 marks)

3. Briefly describe any two benefits of job enrichment to the:

a) Organisation;

b) Employees. (8 marks)

4. Explain any two ways in which an organisation could improve the perception of their

employees; giving at least two examples of the actions those organisations can carry out to

achieve this. (8 marks)

5. Define operant conditioning and illustrate, with the aid of an example, how operant

conditioning can shape a person's attitudes.(4 marks)

6. Discuss two advantages and two disadvantages of expert power in the organization. (8 marks)

SECTION D ESSAY TYPE QUESTIONS [40 marks]

Question 1 (20 marks)

You are the head of a small manufacturing company that assembles furniture and mostly

employs task specialization in the assembly lines. Your company has been going through a bit of a rough time lately, making losses, mistakes are higher than usual and there are increased

numbers of sick offs. As a leader, you understand the importance of employee motivation and

productivity. You know that when your team is engaged and motivated, they are more likely to

perform at their best and achieve the goals you set for them. To arrest the situation and try to

bring motivation up, you are considering the Hackman and Oldham's Job Characteristics model

to redesign their jobs.

Explain to your team of supervisors, who have never heard of this model before,

the five core job characteristics and how incorporating them in the job redesign process

will help improve employee motivation and

the role of the supervisors in the implementation of model.

Question 2 (20 marks)

While there is an inexhaustible list of potential workplace reinforcers; however, the effectiveness of such reinforcers is conditional upon exactly how they are administered as a new graduate in the field of OB in your firm, explain to your supervisor how she can use reinforcers in such a way that they bring about desired outcomes.