Section E $$ Security Attack Scenarios and Solutions A multinational corporation has multiple branches across the world and utilizes a centralized database system. Employees from different branches access this database daily.

$($a$)$ Describe a potential scenario where an attacker uses a Man$-$in$-$the$-$Middle $($MitM$)$ attack to compromise data being transferred between a branch and the central database?

$($b$)$ How would a Virtual Private Network $($VPN$)$ help mitigate the risks of such an attack?

If an insider threat wanted to extract sensitive data without causing immediate suspicion, which type of attack might they employ and how would they execute it$?$