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CAT $2$

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Question $1$

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Which UML diagram is used to depict the dynamic behavior of a system, focusing on the states of objects and transitions between states?

Question $1$Answer

a$.$

Activity diagram

b$.$

State diagram

c$.$

Sequence diagram

d$.$

Class diagram

Question $2$

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Which of the following best describes an 'object' in object$-$oriented analysis and design $($OOAD$)?$

Question $2$Answer

a$.$

A physical entity in the real world

b$.$

A collection of functions

c$.$

An instance of a class with its own state and behavior

d$.$

A variable in a programming language

Question $3$

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Which of the following statements about classes and objects is correct?

Question $3$Answer

a$.$

Objects are instances of classes.

b$.$

Classes are defined by objects.

c$.$

Classes are instances of objects.

d$.$

Objects are defined by classes.

Question $4$

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In a use case diagram, what does an actor represent?

Question $4$Answer

a$.$

A sequence of actions within a system

b$.$

An external entity that interacts with the system

c$.$

A specific instance of a class

d$.$

A state of an object

Question $5$

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Which UML diagram is used to model the static structure of a system from a deployment perspective, showing nodes and their relationships?

Question $5$Answer

a$.$

Package diagram

b$.$

Object diagram

c$.$

Deployment diagram

d$.$

Class diagram

Question $6$

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In a sequence diagram, what do lifelines represent?

Question $6$Answer

a$.$

States of an object during its lifetime

b$.$

Objects

c$.$

The sequence of method calls within a class

d$.$

Messages exchanged between objects

Question $7$

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In a sequence diagram, what do vertical lines represent?

Question $7$Answer

a$.$

Constraints

b$.$

States of an object

c$.$

Objects

d$.$

Messages between objects

Question $8$

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What is the purpose of an activity diagram in UML?

Question $8$Answer

a$.$

To illustrate the interactions between objects

b$.$

To model the behavior of a single class

c$.$

To show the flow of activities within a system

d$.$

To depict the dynamic aspects of a system's functionality

Question $9$

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In a class diagram, what does a dashed line with a hollow diamond at one end indicate?

Question $9$Answer

a$.$

Dependency

b$.$

Aggregation

c$.$

Generalization

d$.$

Composition

Question $10$

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Which concept in OOP allows objects to be treated as instances of their parent class rather than their actual class?

Question $10$Answer

a$.$

Polymorphism

b$.$

Abstraction

c$.$

Encapsulation

d$.$

Inheritance

Question $11$

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Which OOAD diagram is used to model the dynamic behavior of a system over time?

Question $11$Answer

a$.$

Class diagram

b$.$

State diagram

c$.$

Use case diagram

d$.$

Sequence diagram

Question $12$

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Which OOAD diagram is used to show the static structure of a system, including classes, attributes, and relationships?

Question $12$Answer

a$.$

Sequence diagram

b$.$

Use case diagram

c$.$

Class diagram

d$.$

Activity diagram

Question $13$

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In an activity diagram, what does a diamond shape represent?

Question $13$Answer

a$.$

An object node

b$.$

A synchronization bar

c$.$

A decision point

d$.$

An activity

Question $14$

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What is the primary purpose of a use case diagram in UML?

Question $14$Answer

a$.$

To illustrate the interactions between objects

b$.$

To describe the functional requirements of a system

c$.$

To depict the dynamic aspects of a system's functionality

d$.$

To model the behavior of a single class

Question $15$

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In a state diagram, what does a filled circle with an arrow pointing to a state represent?

Question $15$Answer

a$.$

A transition

b$.$

An initial state

c$.$

A decision point

d$.$

A final state

Question $16$

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Which UML diagram is used to illustrate the interactions between objects within a system over time?

Question $16$Answer

a$.$

Use case diagram

b$.$

Class diagram

c$.$

State diagram

d$.$

Sequence diagram

Question $17$

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Which UML diagram emphasizes the flow of control within a system and is often used to model workflows and business processes?

Question $17$Answer

a$.$

Activity diagram

b$.$

Use case diagram

c$.$

Class diagram

d$.$

State diagram

Question $18$

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What does a transition in a state diagram represent?

Question $18$Answer

a$.$

A message exchange between actors

b$.$

A relationship between classes

c$.$

A method call between objects

d$.$

A change in the internal state of an object

Question $19$

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In a component diagram, what does a dependency arrow with a dashed line indicate?

Question $19$Answer

a$.$

A weak dependency between components

b$.$

A realization relationship

c$.$

A package import relationship

d$.$

A strong dependency between components

Question $20$

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Which UML diagram is used to represent how objects collaborate to achieve a specific goal or functionality in a system?

Question $20$Answer

a$.$

Sequence diagram

b$.$

Collaboration diagram

c$.$

State diagram

d$.$

Use case diagram

Question $21$

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What is the primary advantage of encapsulation in OOP?

Question $21$Answer

a$.$

It allows for code reusability

b$.$

It ensures that objects can only be accessed through predefined methods

c$.$

It improves the performance of the software

d$.$

It simplifies the design of complex systems

Question $22$

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What is 'abstraction' in the context of OOP?

Question $22$Answer

a$.$

The process of creating multiple instances of a class

b$.$

The ability to inherit properties and methods from another class

c$.$

The process of hiding the internal details of an object's behavior

d$.$

The process of allowing objects to take on many forms

Question $23$

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Which UML diagram is used to show the timing constraints of messages in a system?

Question $23$Answer

a$.$

Communication diagram

b$.$

Timing diagram

c$.$

Sequence diagram

d$.$

State diagram

Question $24$

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In OOP, what does 'composition' refer to$?$

Question $24$Answer

a$.$

A specialized form of association where one class is part of another class

b$.$

A relationship between classes where objects can belong to multiple classes

c$.$

The process of creating multiple instances of an object

d$.$

The ability of one object to acquire the properties of another object

Question $25$

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Which concept in OOP allows a class to inherit properties and methods from another class?

Question $25$Answer

a$.$

Encapsulation

b$.$

Polymorphism

c$.$

Inheritance

d$.$

Abstraction

Question $26$

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Which UML diagram is used to show the structure of a system, including classes, attributes, methods, and relationships?

Question $26$Answer

a$.$

Class diagram

b$.$

State diagram

c$.$

Sequence diagram

d$.$

Use case diagram

Question $27$

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Which UML diagram is used to show the structure of a system, including packages and the dependencies between them?

Question $27$Answer

a$.$

Package diagram

b$.$

Deployment diagram

c$.$

Object diagram

d$.$

Class diagram