Solid Materials Classification and Properties

$2$ International Standards

The use of XRD in material analysis is governed by international standards to ensure consistency, accuracy, and safety in data collection, interpretation, and reporting.

$2\mathrm{.}1$ American Society of Testing and Materials $($ASTM$)$

$-$ ASTM D$934$: Specifies procedures for analyzing carbon content in metallic and nonmetallic materials via XRD$.$

$-$ ASTM D$5374$: Establishes guidelines for quantifying crystalline phases within amorphous materials.

$-$ ASTM E$975$: Provides standards for determining residual stresses in metallic materials using XRD$.$

$-$ ASTM E$2860$: Covers techniques for phase composition analysis of crystalline materials.

$2\mathrm{.}2$ International Organization for Standardization $($ISO$)$

$-$ ISO $9001$: Establishes quality management principles, ensuring that the entire process of XRD analysis adheres to high$-$quality standards.

$-$ ISO $13356$: Specifies quality requirements for ceramics based on zirconia, a common material analyzed using XRD for phase purity.

$-$ ISO $22262-1$: Relates to the quantification of asbestos by XRD$,$ with guidelines on sample preparation, scanning conditions, and data interpretation.

$-$ ISO $21432$: Outlines the principles and applications of Non$-$Destructive Testing $($NDT$)$ using XRD for residual stress measurement in metallic materials.