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What are the foundational theoretical frameworks that underpin civil engineering, and how do they integrate into the design, construction, and management of infrastructure projects? Discuss the significance of disciplines such as structural mechanics, fluid dynamics, geotechnical engineering, and materials science in informing decision$-$making processes related to material selection, structural behavior prediction, risk assessment, and mitigation strategies. Additionally, explore how the interdisciplinary nature of civil engineering necessitates the synthesis of theoretical principles from various fields to address complex challenges and ensure the development of resilient, efficient, and sustainable infrastructure systems for the well$-$being and prosperity of communities.