Solve using R

In statistics (and data analysis) it is a common operation to standardize a vector of numbers by subtracting their mean (mean()) and then dividing by the standard deviation (sd()).

Standardize the entries of the column carat of the diamonds data frame and save the result as a variable named caratz in your global environment. Compare this vector with scale(diamonds$carat) by making a scatter plot of this vector against caratz.

What are the arguments of scale()? How can you use the function scale() to center a vector by subtracting its mean only? How do you divide by its SD only?