sovel : $789$#"How do structural engineers determine the load$-$bearing capacity of materials in civil construction projects? What fundamental principles govern the design of reinforced concrete structures? Explain the concept of soil compaction and its significance in foundation engineering. What factors influence the choice between different types of bridges, such as beam, arch, and suspension bridges? Discuss the key principles behind the construction of retaining walls and their role in stabilizing slopes. How does asphalt pavement maintain its structural integrity over time in various weather conditions?"