Question: SQUATTING DIGITAL NOMADS Stakeholders may be internal or external to the project organization. Internal stakeholders can be managed through the many processes we have already

SQUATTING DIGITAL NOMADS Stakeholders may be internal or external to the project organization. Internal stakeholders can be managed through the many processes we have already discussed. External stakeholders are more problematic, especially as they are formed by community organizations or social movement organizations with an interest in the project. The interest will not always be positive from the project point of view. New infrastructure projects, mining ventures or mega-events do not always meet with approval from the communities that experience their effects. Disaffected or anxious communities often collectively organize as stakeholders opposed to the project. Sometimes social movements will mobilize to speak up on behalf of an ecology or creature seen to be under threat from the project. What can projects do? First, they can define key performance indicators (KPIs) that are inclusive of stakeholder concerns. For instance, they may institute ecology or community as part of their KPIs. Project champions can be nominated to ensure that these interests are represented at project leadership level. Professionals, such as communications graduates, can be employed to liaise with communities and make sure that their concerns are aired and represented to the project. Other professionals, such as ecologists, can act as consultants to monitor crucial aspects of the environment and the projects impact on them. As well as redefining KPIs and employing people with competencies to manage these external stakeholder relations, projects can exercise initiatives through social media. Organizations can use social media to engage with audiences (Brodie et al.,2013). Social media enhances the bond between the consumer and the organization by using user-generated content to achieve goals. In project organizations, these will likely be oriented towards specific audiences whose potential impact on the progress of the project can be significant. A recent paper (Ninan, et al.,2019) on the use of branding in a major metro project in India discusses the strategic use of social media to achieve governmentality of external stakeholders. In the project being researched a major metro network in an Indian city social media was used to create dominant, complementary, persuasive and legitimate discourses that sought to incorporate various communities into the sensemaking of the project team. The effect on the community of the creation of a positive brand image for the project was to build support and create community advocates. Not only was the project community influenced but also the project team, in large part recruited from the broader community. Project team effects included enhanced job perceptions, an ability to attract talent, as well as the production of project team advocates. Team members saw the megaproject as socially committed, safe, clean, prestigious and iconic for the city. QUESTION 1. You are project managing a large urban redevelopment project in a European city. You have read about the metro project in India and want to use social media for governmentality as was the case reported there. However, there is a section of the site that is presently occupied by anarcho-syndicalist squatters who are digital nomads, with great social media skills. They have set up a contra-project website that questions everything that the project is doing; they seem to be winning the social media war as they are so media savvy. What would you do to try and reassert governmentally

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