STEP $2$: Identify causes of the problem by using material from this chapter, summarized in the Organizing Framework shown in Figure $5\mathrm{.}11.$ Causes will appear in either the Inputs box or the Processes box.

A$.$ Start by looking at $$ Figure $5\mathrm{.}11$ to identify which person factors, if any, are most likely causes to the defined problem. For each cause, ask, Why is this a cause of the problem? Asking why multiple times is more likely to lead you to root causes of the problem.

B$.$ Follow the same process for the situation factors.

C$.$ Now consider the Processes box in Figure $5\mathrm{.}11.$ Consider concepts listed at all three levels. For any concept that might be a cause, ask yourself, Why is this a cause? Again, do this for several iterations to arrive at root causes.

D$.$ To check the accuracy or appropriateness of the causes, be sure to map them onto the defined problem.

STEP $3$: Make recommendations for solving the problem. Consider whether you want to resolve it$,$ solve it$,$ or dissolve it $($see Section $1\mathrm{.}5).$ Which recommendation is desirable and feasible?

A$.$ Given the causes identified in Step $2,$ what are your best recommendations? Use the content in $$ Chapter $5$ or one of the earlier chapters to propose a solution.