Strategic plans a. typically involve upper and middle management and have a somewhat shorter time horizon and a more specific and concrete focus b. are concerned more with actually getting things done than with deciding what to do c. have a short-term focus and are relatively narrow in scope, dealing with a fairly small set of activities d. focus on how to operationalize actions necessary to achieve goals e. generally have an extended time horizon, and address questions of scope, resource deployment, competitive advantage, and synergy Firms that implement a strategy of operate multiple businesses that are not logically associated with one another. a. nondiversification b. entropy c. unrelated diversification d. synergy e. a single-business unit During the maturity stage of the product life cycle, a. most companies start hiring more employees b. the sales volume is the highest c. more competitors enter the industry d. managers need to focus their efforts on "getting product out th e. the overall demand growth for a product begins to slow down A standing plan that outlines the steps to be followed in a particular circumstance is called : a. project b. contingency plan c. standard operating procedure d. program e. single-use plan