Subject: HYDRAULICS & HYDRAULIC STRUCTURES $($CE $308)$ ks: $30$

Total Marks: $30$

Time: $1\frac{1}{2}$ hours

The figures in the right margin indicate marks for the questions

Assume necessary data and hypothesis wherever deemed necessary.

$1$ Classify the various flow conditions in open channels with their mathematical expressions.

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Derive the general expression of Equation of Continuity for unsteady flow in open channels using the law of conservation of matter.

The discharge in a small channel was measured to be $82$ cusecs at a section where the surface width is $16\mathrm{.}2m.$ Estimate the flow at a section $550m$ upstream if the depth of flow increases at $0\mathrm{.}12\frac{m}{h}$ between the $\frac{u}{s}$ and $\frac{c}{s}$ sections.

$4$a$.$ Obtain the basic governing equation for critical flow conditions in an open channel with

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discharge as a variable.

$($or$)$

$46.$ A flow of $5$ cumecs passes through a rectangular channel of width $2\mathrm{.}5m$ with a flow depth of

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$1\mathrm{.}5m.$ Find the specific energy of flow at the section if the kinetic energy correction factor is $1\mathrm{.}20.$ Compute the alternate depth for the same specific energy assuming the kinetic energy correction factor to be unity.

$5$a$.$ Derive the expression of Chezy's Equation with respect to uniform flow resistance. State the

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assuription$($s$)$ uset in the derivation.

$($or$)$

$5.$ Compute the mean velocity and discharge in a trapezoidal channel of side slope $1\mathrm{.}5$H:$1$V and

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$6\mathrm{.}0m$ of bottom width with a bed slope of $0\mathrm{.}0003$ where the depth of flow is $2\mathrm{.}5m.$ Take $n=0\mathrm{.}012.$

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