summarize: Meitiasari et al$.(2024)$ noted that an effective plan should include eight core components, such as stressing the urgency of the needed changes, choosing a strong team to guide the change process, articulating a transparent vision for change, communicating the vision across the organization, delegating others to carry out the vision by removing obstacles, building momentum along the way by creating short$-$term goals, recognizing and consolidating improvements while simultaneously making more improvements, and changing the organizational culture by institutionalizing new approaches.