Supplier diversity programs in the private sector in the U$.$S$.$:

a$.$ Require buyers to obtain a third$-$party certification from one of the relevant diversity certification organizations.

b$.$ Were mandated by the passage of Public Law $95-507$ in $1978.$

c$.$ Include purchasing from minority$-$owned, women$-$owned, veteran$-$owned, disability$-$owned, and small$-$business enterprises

d$.$ Are generally decreasing.