Suppose within your Web browser you click on a link to obtain a Web page. The IP address for the associated URL is not cached in your local host, so a DNS lookup is necessary to obtain the IP address. Suppose that three DNS servers are visited before your host receives the IP address from DNS$.$ The first DNS server visited is the local DNS cache, with an RTT delay of RTT$0=2$ msecs. The second and third DNS servers contacted have RTTs of $12$ and $19$ msecs, respectively. Initially, let's suppose that the Web page associated with the link contains exactly one object, consisting of a small amount of HTML text. Suppose the RTT between the local host and the Web server containing the object is RTTHTTP $=3$ msecs.

Please answer the following questions showing your work:

$1.$Calculate time elapsed when client clicks link to receiving object, assuming zero$1$ transmission time for HTML$.$

$2.$Time elapsed for one base object and $5$ small objects, using non$-$persistent HTTP and non$-$parallel TCP$.$

$3.$Time for same objects with up to $5$ parallel TCP connections and non$-$persistent HTTP$.$

$4.$ Time for same objects with up to $5$ parallel TCP connections and persistent HTTP$.$