Suppose within your Web browser you click on a link to obtain a Web page. The IP address for the associated URL is not cached in your local host, so a DNS lookup is necessary to obtain the IP address. Suppose that n DNS servers are visited before your host receives the IP address from DNS; the successive visits incur an RTT of RTT$1,...,$ RTTn$.$ Further suppose that the Web page associated with the link contains exactly one object, consisting of a small amount of HTML text. Let RTT$0$ denote the RTT between the local host and the server containing the object. Assuming zero transmission time of the object,