Table 1: Cancer Incidence Rates among Males and Females, 1999-2001, United States

	Male				Female
Age	Counts (New Cases)	Population	Rate in Decimal Form	Rate per 100,000	Counts (New Cases)	Population	Rate in Decimal Form	Rate per 100,000
<40	8,759	30,560,962			9,284	29,211,186
40-49	10,628	9,537,477			18,455	9,487,526
50-59	27,099	7,624,126			34,410	7,919,559
60-69	49,422	4,535,884			38,997	4,873,955
70-79	64,053	2,984,787			44,539	3,642,718
80+	56,609	2,322,377			57,652	3,861,274
Total	216,570	57,565,613			203,337	58,996,218

1. Calculate the total (crude) incidence rates of cancer for men and for women. Show all steps, including numerators and denominators outside of the table. Express your final answers per 100,000 males and per 100,000 females, as shown in Table 1. Then fill in the bottom row of the table. Which gender has the higher crude incidence rate of cancer? (6 points)

2. Does the relative number of males versus females in each age group (the age composition of the populations of males and females) differ? Explain. In which age groups are there more men and in which age groups are there more women (not more male or female cases, but more males or females in the population). Which sex appears to have an older average age? (3 points)

3. Calculate the category-specific (age-specific) incidence rates of cancer for each gender. You do NOT need to show all steps. Express your final answers per 100,000 men and per 100,000 women. In other words, fill in columns 4, 5, 8 and 9 of the table, except for the bottom row, which consists of crude rates. (6 points)

4. Without considering the effect of sex, describe the pattern of incidences rates of cancer between different age groups. In other words, in general for males and for females, how is age related to cancer incidence? Compare only rates, not numbers of cases, and compare the size of these rates at different ages, down the columns for either males or females. (2 points)

 

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