Task $3$: Synchronisation with semaphores $(40$ marks$)$

There are two explorer, three miner and three transporter machines have been deployed to a field

to search, extract and transport specific materials. Each explorer will detect the existence of the

specified material while exploring the field. Once the explorer has found the material, it will send a

signal and one of the miners will get to the location and start to extract the material. After the signal

has been sent, the explorer will continue exploring the field. Once the extraction is completed, the

miner will stay at that location while waiting for the next signal. The extracted material will be

transported to a storage by a transporter and the transporter will then wait at the storage for the

next signal.

The operations of explorer, miner and transporter can be simulated by using threads based on the

following guidelines.

Each explorer, miner and transporter will be simulated by separate thread. All threads

should run continuously.

When the user presses CTRL$+$C $($to generate an interrupt signal$),$ all the threads should be

cancelled and the application terminates. Refer to Figure $15$ as an example.

Assume that

each explorer can find the material within $2-4$ seconds, inclusive.

each miner requires $2-5$ seconds to extract the material.

each transporter requires $4$ seconds $($the round trip time$)$ to transport the material

to the storage

Each thread should print a message to indicate its current operation. E$.$g$.,$ an explorer will

print a message indicates that it is exploring the field. Refer to Figure $14$ as an example.

Implement the operations described above using POSIX C programming language with pthread for

multithreading and semaphores for mutual exclusion and threads synchronization. The source

codes should be properly commented, and meaningful name should be used for any variable,

function or method. Please implement error handlings in thread creation and semaphore

initialization.

Name the source file as mining$\_$solution.c $($This file is to be submitted$)$

The following screenshot show the example of output when the program is executed. Note that the

output might be different in every execution.help