task $99===$What foundational theories form the bedrock of civil engineering practice? Explore key principles such as structural analysis, fluid mechanics, soil mechanics, and materials science. Discuss how these theories underpin the design, construction, and maintenance of infrastructure like bridges, roads, and buildings. Additionally, examine how advancements in fields like computational modeling and sustainability have influenced modern civil engineering theory. How do these theoretical frameworks contribute to addressing contemporary challenges such as climate change, urbanization, and resource scarcity? Finally, consider the interdisciplinary nature of civil engineering theory, integrating insights from physics, mathematics, and environmental science for holistic problem$-$solving.