Tasks

Using the Simple Calculator$+$ program developed for Programming Project $4,$ you will add some additional functionality and write a report about it$.$

IMPORTANT: Before you begin, copy the code for Programming Project $4$ to a new file named simple$\_$calc$++.$ py to use for this project.

Required:

Add a set of radio buttons that allow the user to choose how the numbers are displayed. The buttons should allow

$-$ Normal floating point numbers

$-$ Scientific notation

$-$ Percentage

When a user chooses one of the radio buttons, the display should change to the chosen format. There will be some challenges in implementing this button. You are free to choose how it works otherwise, as long as when a user makes a choice, the number in the Entry changes to the chosen number format.

Below is my simple calculator code:

import tkinter as tk

from math import pi$,$ e$,$ sqrt$,$ factorial, pow

def insert$\_$pi$()$:

input$\_$field.delete$(0,$ tk$.$END$)$ # Clear the input field

input$\_$field.insert$(0,$ str$($pi$))$ # Insert

# Insert the value of e into the input field

def insert$\_$e$()$:

input$\_$field.delete$(0,$ tk$.$END$)$ # Clear the input field

input$\_$field.insert$(0,$ str$($e$))$ # Insert e

# Calculate the square of the number in the input field

def calculate$\_$square$()$:

try:

number $=$ float$($input$\_$field.get$())$ # Get the number

result $=$ number $**2$ # Calculate square

input$\_$field.delete$(0,$ tk$.$END$)$ # Clear input field

input$\_$field.insert$(0,$ str$($result$))$ # Display result

except ValueError:

input$\_$field.insert$(0,$ "Error"$)$ # Display error if invalid input

# Calculate the cube of the number in the input field

def calculate$\_$cube$()$:

try:

number $=$ float$($input$\_$field.get$())$ # Get the number

result $=$ number $**3$ # Calculate cube

input$\_$field.delete$(0,$ tk$.$END$)$ # Clear input field

input$\_$field.insert$(0,$ str$($result$))$ # Display result

except ValueError:

input$\_$field.insert$(0,$ "Error"$)$ # Display error if invalid input

# Calculate the square root of the number in the input field

def calculate$\_$square$\_$root$()$:

try:

number $=$ float$($input$\_$field.get$())$ # Get the number

result $=$ sqrt$($number$)$ # Calculate square root

input$\_$field.delete$(0,$ tk$.$END$)$ # Clear input field

input$\_$field.insert$(0,$ str$($result$))$ # Display result

except ValueError:

input$\_$field.insert$(0,$ "Error"$)$ # Display error if invalid input

# Calculate the factorial of the number in the input field

def calculate$\_$factorial$()$:

try:

number $=$ int$($input$\_$field.get$())$ # Get the number

result $=$ factorial$($number$)$ # Calculate factorial

input$\_$field.delete$(0,$ tk$.$END$)$ # Clear input field

input$\_$field.insert$(0,$ str$($result$))$ # Display result

except ValueError:

input$\_$field.insert$(0,$ "Error"$)$ # Display error if invalid input

# Calculate $10$ raised to the power of the number in the input field

def calculate$\_$power$\_$of$\_10()$:

try:

number $=$ float$($input$\_$field.get$())$ # Get the number

result $=$ pow$(10,$ number$)$ # Calculate $10^$number

input$\_$field.delete$(0,$ tk$.$END$)$ # Clear input field

input$\_$field.insert$(0,$ str$($result$))$ # Display result

except ValueError:

input$\_$field.insert$(0,$ "Error"$)$ # Display error if invalid input

# Append a number or character to the input field

def append$\_$number$($value$)$:

current$\_$value $=$ input$\_$field.get$()$ # Get current value in input field

input$\_$field.delete$(0,$ tk$.$END$)$ # Clear the field

input$\_$field.insert$(0,$ current$\_$value $+$ str$($value$))$ # Append the new value

# Clear the input field

def clear$\_$input$()$:

input$\_$field.delete$(0,$ tk$.$END$)$

# Evaluate the expression in the input field

def evaluate$\_$expression$()$:

try:

result $=$ eval$($input$\_$field.get$())$ # Evaluate the expression

input$\_$field.delete$(0,$ tk$.$END$)$ # Clear input field

input$\_$field.insert$(0,$ str$($result$))$ # Display result

except:

input$\_$field.delete$(0,$ tk$.$END$)$ # Clear input field

input$\_$field.insert$(0,$ "Error"$)$ # Display error if invalid input

# $---$ Main Application Setup $---$

# Create the main application window

app $=$ tk$.$Tk$()$

app.title$("$Calculator$")$ # Set window title

# Create the input field

input$\_$field $=$ tk$.$Entry$($app$,$ width$=20,$ font$=("$Arial$",16),$ borderwidth$=5)$

input$\_$field.grid$($row$=0,$ column$=0,$ columnspan$=4,$ padx$=10,$ pady$=10)$ # Position input field

# $---$ Standard Buttons Setup $---$

# Button layout $($text$,$ row, column$)$

button$\_$layout $=[$

$("7",1,0),("8",1,1),("9",1,2),("*",1,3),$

$("4",2,0),("5",2,1),("6",2,2),("/",2,3),$

$("1",3,0),("2",3,1),("3",3,2),("-",3,3),$

$("0",4,0),(".",4,1),("=",4,2),("+",4,3)$

$]$

# Create standard buttons

for text, row, col in button$\_$layout:

if text.isdigit$()$ or text $=="."$: # For numeric and decimal point buttons

tk$.$Button$($app$,$ text$=$text, width$=5,$ font$=("$Arial$",14),$

command$=$lambda t$=$text: append$\_$number$($t$)).$grid$($row$=$row, column$=$col$)$

elif text $=="="$: # For equals button

tk$.$Button$($app$,$ text$=$text, width$=5,$ font$=("$Arial$",14),$

command$=$evaluate$\_$expression$).$grid$($row$=$row, column$=$col$)$

else: # For operator buttons

tk$.$Button$($app$,$ text$=$text, width$=5,$ font$=("$Arial$",14),$

command$=$lambda t$=$text: append$\_$number$($t$)).$grid$($row$=$row, column$=$c